Since 1993 and 1994, significant changes in legislation and policy allow women to fly combat aircraft, serve on combat ships, and serve in combat-related occupations. As was the case in the early 1990s, a large percentage of military women continue to work in the areas of health care, administration, personnel, and supply occupations. However, data suggest that military women, both enlisted and officers, are beginning to enter more nontraditional fields such as aviation, surface warfare, air traffic control, and field artillery. Although most military occupations and career fields are open to women, two institutional barriers have been identified that limit the number of women going into these occupations. First, because of Department of Defense and service policies, some units are closed to women even though the units may include occupations that are open to women. Second, the test used to match enlisted personnel to occupations--the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery--contains sections based on exposure to a subject instead of aptitude. For example, one section tests knowledge of automotive components, systems, tools, and repairs--a subject to which women have had little exposure. (Appendixes include a list of military occupations opened to women in the early 1990s, a list of occupations with the greatest percentages of women, and 8 figures in addition to the 16 found in the text.) (YLB)