The nonnational population and labor force in the 15 European Union (EU) member states were characterized from the standpoints of size and structure, and the labor market conditions faced by nationals and nonnationals were compared. In 1995, the nonnational labor force in the EU totaled approximately 7.8 million; nearly 3 million were citizens of other EU member states who had the same legal standing as the national labor force. In all the EU member states together, fewer than 2% of workers were from other member states. The situations of nationals and nonnationals regarding rates of unemployment, employment, and self-employment differed markedly from each other. Nonnationals' unemployment rates generally exceeded those of nationals. In many member states, EU nationals' unemployment rates fell between those for nationals and those for third-country nonnationals. The employment rates of nonnationals also differed from those of nationals. Employment rates of female third-country non-nationals were particularly low and they experienced a disproportionately high level of unemployment. In some countries, EU nationals were more inclined to risk self-employment than nationals or third-country nonnationals were. The gap between rates of self-employment of nationals and nonnationals has narrowed. (Contains 25 references.) (MN)