This proceedings covers the domain and content areas of learning and learners; curriculum and materials; instruction (including computer-assisted instruction); assessment and evaluation; history and philosophy of science; teacher preparation and professional development; and related areas of interest including environmental, special, health, medical, and information education. Papers in this volume include: (1) "A Comparison of 3-D Mental Models in Solving Visuospatial Problems between Gifted and Nongifted High School Students" (Shih-Tseng Huang and Chon-Wen Shyi); (2) "Interaction between Different Gender Students and Their Teacher in Junior High School Biology Classes" (Hsiao-Ching She); (3) "Biology Teachers' Knowledge Base of Instructional Representations" (Sheau-Wen Lin and Jong-Hsiang Yang); (4) "Understanding of the Nature of Science of Senior High School Students" (Chen-Yung Lin); (5) "Cultivating Capabilities of Teachers in Promoting Student Creativity: Designing STS Exploratory Environment" (Cheng-Hsia Wang); (6) "Aboriginal Children's Alternative Conceptions of Animals and Animal Classification" (Shih-Huei Chen and Chig-Hsiung Ku); (7) "A Study on the Technological Literacy of Elementary and Junior High School Students in Taiwan" (Ta-Wei Lee, Wei Lin, Kuo-Hung Tseng, and Kuang-Chao Yu); (8) "Science Teachers' Intentions To Teach about HIV/AIDS" (Weir-Sen Lin and John T. Wilson); (9) "Enhancing College Students' Attitudes toward Science through the History of Science" (Huann-Shyang Lin); (10) "Impacts of an Inquiry Teaching Method on Earth Science Students' Learning Outcomes and Attitudes at the Secondary School Level" (Song-Ling Mao and Chun-Yen Chang); (11) "Teaching Competencies Assessment Approaches for Mathematics Teachers" (Shian Leou); (12) "Software Based on S-P Chart Analysis and Its Applications" (Hsin-Yi Wu); and (13) "Reform of Science Education in Taiwan: Contexts, Opportunities, and Concerns" (Vincent N. Lunetta and Norman G. Lederman). (WRM)