The aims of this research were to: investigate teachers' needs for knowledge and skills in relation to the effective use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT), and suggest ways of enhancing future design and delivery of self- and staff-development in order to increase and improve the level of ICT use in Scottish schools. First, a survey of primary and secondary teachers was undertaken to provide basic data on the current levels of ICT use in schools, teachers' experience of ICT training to date, and their perceptions of their ICT knowledge and skills needs. A number of scenario interviews were carried out to provide a more in-depth understanding of these issues and the contextual factors which influence teachers' responses to ICT and ICT training. Interviews were also held with technicians and librarians in secondary schools; headteachers were surveyed on their perceptions of the needs of teachers, and school ethos and policies on ICT, and a short questionnaire survey of education authorities was conducted. The study highlighted a number of issues relating teachers' use and requirements of, and attitudes to ICT. These findings are grouped and discussed in this report under the following subject headings: use of ICT; problems and challenges; attitudes, skills and training; and organizational culture. Recommendations relating to training and development; ready access to ICT; and ongoing support and advice beyond initial training are provided. (AEF)