This paper reports on a study in which a select bibliography of gay fiction was compiled and checked against the catalogs of the public libraries in Franklin County, Ohio, in order to determine the collection extent and whether catalog subject access is provided for these works. Results show that the percentage of checklist titles held by each library varied widely, with little subject access being provided for the titles by all libraries studied. Suggestions for further research are presented. In addition, a brief history of the publishing of gay literature is presented and societal issues affecting the collection of gay and lesbian materials are examined. A literature review discusses collection development and subject access to lesbian and gay fictional works. Checklist-based research is also discussed in the literature review. Appendices include: a list of Franklin County Public Libraries; the checklist of gay fiction monographs, compiled from the preceding 10 years of the Lambda Literary Awards; the checklist with holdings of seven individual libraries and consortium, numbers of reviews in "Book Review Index" and five major review sources; and subject headings coded by library. (Contains 29 references.) (DLS)