This paper, one in a series about the priorities of the professoriate, traces the rise in the use of part-time faculty and asks whether academic employment has become a dual labor market. Data for the study was derived from the 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty. The research focuses on the effects on part-time faculty and on educational quality of having different employment practices for tenure-track and part-time faculty. The study suggests ways in which colleges and universities can integrate part-timers into the professional community so as to make a commitment to high-quality education. The report examines the rising use of part-time faculty; defines the term dual labor market; discusses whether dual labor market theory fits faculty employment; compares the characteristics of part- and full-time faculty and the working conditions, asking specifically whether such working conditions constitute a dual labor market; examines the differences in employment practices (recruitment, appointments, teaching assignments, support and services, salaries, benefits, job security, and academic status) for part-time faculty and their impact on educational quality; and suggests ways to build a community of part- and full-time faculty that delivers educational quality. (Contains 13 references.) (CH)