This conference paper describes demographics of the Native American population, their disability rate, and their utilization of rehabilitation services. Findings indicate that: (1) in 1980, almost half of the American Indian population was under 20 years of age and that the birthrate among American Indians was twice that of other groups; (2) in 1980, over half of American Indian households on reservations had no telephone, while 20 percent of households had no transportation, and 16 percent lacked electricity; (3) the level of educational attainment was significantly lower than the general population; (4) the death rate among American Indians was 1.5 times or more the death rate for all races; (5) sensory impairments, identified as eye and ear conditions, were disproportionately high among American Indians; (6) American Indians exhibited health-related problems at earlier ages than individuals from the general U.S. population; (7) for American Indian children with disabilities, the largest group of problems were learning disabilities; (8) American Indian rehabilitation clients had a greater number of dependents, less income, and a lower educational level than other clients; and (9) significantly more American Indians were treated for alcohol and drug abuse in the rehabilitative system of services than was the general population. Charts illustrate statistical findings. (CR)