Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is an electronic medium that combines orthographic form with real time, synchronous transmission in an unregulated global multi-user environment. The orthographic letters mediate the interaction in that users can only access the IRC session through reading and writing; they have no access to any visual representations at all. In addition to all the characteristics that IRC has, the 3-D virtual environment supports users with three-dimensional graphics that represent an individual through the use of an avatar in a virtual environment. This research examines the extent to which 3-D virtual chat differs from text-only IRC chat, and proposes an explanatory framework for 3-D chat for interaction management. The interaction management strategies found in the data have been categorized under a single general heading: opening phase and invitation. These phases are discussed in terms of their similarities and differences to IRC; the functions they appear to serve are discussed in terms of two subheadings: interpersonal goals, and level of experience and acquaintance. (AEF)