A study to determine the best predictors of teacher technology use in the classroom was conducted for small rural schools in southeastern Idaho. A 40-item survey was completed by 3,500 teachers in 55 school districts. Results indicated that one third to one half of the teachers never actually used technology for any instructional purpose. Over 70 percent of teachers never used the Internet in the classroom. More than one half of the teachers perceived themselves as novices in the use of technology in all items of the survey. Overall, teachers rated themselves as novices in computer literacy. The educational level of the teacher was the best predictor of the teachers' actual use of technology in preparation of instructional material, attendance reporting, and word processing. The number of computers in the classroom was the second best predictor of teachers' actual use of technology. Educational level was the best predictor of teachers' perceptions of their ability to use technology in preparation of instructional materials, drill and practice, word processing, and use of the Internet. The lower the educational level of the teacher, the higher the perceived ability of the teacher to use technology, indicating that veteran teachers need more staff development and training than newly hired teachers. The second best predictor of teachers' perception of their ability to use technology was gender. Males tended to perceive themselves as having higher ability in technology use compared to females. Appendices include the survey questionnaire and date tables. (TD)