This handbook offers a practical and comprehensive means of teaching and monitoring children's development of phonological awareness in the classroom. The handbook points out that studies have shown clearly that even informal phonological awareness activities, such as the natural and spontaneous word play found in stories, songs, and games, can result in positive gains in reading and spelling achievement. The handbook provides answers to frequently asked questions about phonological awareness, offers a possible teaching sequence, and suggests a variety of activities to enhance children's phonological awareness. Its activities are intended to help children enjoy playing with sounds and to build a strong foundation in sound play and knowledge of rhymes in preparation for higher level tasks. Pre- and postteaching tests are included in the Appendix to assist teachers in assessing their students' progress and development. Also included are helpful lists, materials, and resources. (NKA)