This theme issue presents a variety of articles and resources on the application of positive behavioral support (PBS) with children who exhibit behavior problems in home or school settings. The first article discusses the importance of understanding a challenging behavior's purpose, implementing behavior change strategies, and monitoring improvement. Research findings on PBS from 1985 through 1996 are summarized. The next article describes the Family Connection, a project that disseminates information to families on research concerning PBS through publications and a toll-free number. A listing of state training team coordinators is provided, followed by an article on stakeholder perspectives based on the input of 12 focus groups. The next article reports on a research study that examined the perspectives of 86 parents of children with disabilities and challenging behaviors. Characteristics of a model statute on positive behavioral support are then listed and explained. Three stories of individuals and families illustrate the practical application of PBS. The final two articles explain the functional assessment of behavior and list 10 ways to support a person with challenging behavior. (DB)