This paper describes a method for evaluating current discipline practices and provides a strategy for making decisions about adopting or adapting behavior change strategies commonly reported in the professional literature. The guide begins by explaining relevant terms and key features of effective behavioral support. The remainder of the text addresses six questions developed to guide decision making about adopting instructional strategies and curricula that can be used in making decisions about discipline procedure: (1) "Are the approach and its outcomes clearly defined?" (2) "What evidence exists that the approach is effective?" (3) "Is an accountability process built into the approach?" (4) "Is the approach sustainable?" (5) "Is the approach equitable?" and (6) "Are the costs of the approach and its implementation reasonable?" The different issues that should be considered under each of the six questions are discussed and summarized. An overview of some of the more prevalent approaches for reducing problem behavior and increasing appropriate behavior at the individual student and school-wide levels is provided along with the empirical support available for the particular approaches. A classroom checklist for promoting a positive and effective learning environment is included. (Contains 39 references.) (CR)