The Indian Health Service (IHS), an agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, is responsible for providing health services to American Indians and Alaska Natives living on or near federal reservations (about 60 percent of the Native population). This publication is composed primarily of data tables and graphs that describe the IHS, the health status and demography of American Indians and Alaska Natives, and health and medical services provided. Current and trend information are presented, as well as comparisons with other population groups. Opening sections provide an overview of the IHS, summarize the statistical data, describe data sources and limitations, and include a glossary and additional information sources. The tables and charts are grouped into six major categories: (1) IHS program structure and budget; (2) American Indian demography (population by age and sex, educational attainment, employment status, income, socioeconomic profiles); (3) natality (birth rates and weights, birth by age of mother, infant mortality, maternal deaths, leading causes of neonatal and postneonatal deaths); (4) mortality (mortality rates and causes of death by age group, deaths by age and sex, injury and poisoning, accident deaths, suicide, homicide, alcoholism deaths, disease-related deaths, life expectancy); (5) patient care (hospitalization and major causes by age group, ambulatory medical visits by age group, dental services); and (6) community health (drug-related deaths by age and sex, motor vehicle deaths, nutrition and dietetics, nursing, homes with sanitation facilities deficiencies, health education provided by location and task function). Includes an index and a glossary of ICD-9 codes. (SV)