The history, scope, content, and strategies for English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) instruction in Australia, particularly in adult education, are summarized. The history of ESL instruction is traced from post-war immigration policies, through early provision for migrant education and introduction within postsecondary institutions and adult education programs. Currently, ESL programs are offered through the national Adult Migrant Education Program, postsecondary institutions, adult and community education programs, school districts, and higher education and private institutions. Program types include settlement, labor force development, community-based, vocational and workplace, and pre-college and college support programs. Curriculum development has evolved from a teacher-centered approach through local curriculum design, the communicative approach, emergence of decentralized curriculum support units, emphasis on vocational training, and competency-based instruction. A trend toward nationally standardized courses is noted. Contains eight references. (MSE) (Adjunct ERIC Clearinghouse on Literacy Education)