A discussion of bilingualism in Australia begins with examination of the climate there for development of bilingualism, including specific supportive policies at both state and federal levels, increasing support for bilingualism within local communities, research providing evidence of the benefits of bilingualism, and technological developments that make educational programs more accessible and that can link interested groups. Discussion then turns to some unresolved issues. For families, these include difficulties in maintaining home languages (for immigrants) and when and how to support second language learning (for monolinguals), assuring English literacy, error correction at home, and choice of language variety (standard or local). For educators, issues include providing language learning opportunities for all students, maintaining home languages while integrating language groups, choice of program design, appropriate expectations and standards for second language learning, and teacher preparation and credentials. It is concluded that families, educators, and communities must establish common goals and develop a strategy of advocacy to encourage public policy supporting bilingual development. (Contains 28 references.) (MSE)