Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) is an Australian program that helps people to obtain formal recognition for relevant work experience, life experience, and formal training. This report documents existing good practices in RPL assessment and staff training for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, provides information on culturally appropriate RPL processes for these groups in the National Vocational Education and Training system, and advises the National Staff Development Committee on approaches for training RPL staff working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Project findings emerged from national consultations with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and a search of Australian and overseas literature. The project found that some RPL programs currently exist for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Some have the potential to meet the goals of the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education Policy; others do not provide for local cultural needs nor are they underpinned by the goals of access, equity, and self-determination. The development of culturally appropriate RPL practices must build upon existing examples of good practice, and initiatives in RPL staff development for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples should incorporate the following: self-determination at the local level after the community has evaluated appropriate information about RPL; equitable access based on cultural considerations regarding language, customs, values, and priorities; and mechanisms whereby Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities can participate in determining the processes for establishing culturally appropriate RPL. An appendix includes details of case studies in the report. Also included are an extensive bibliography and a glossary. (TD)