This document consists of three papers presented at a symposium on expertise in organizations moderated by Ross Azevedo at the 1996 conference of the Academy of Human Resource Development (AHRD). "How Individual Expertise May Be Socially Constructed: A Literature Review" (Abney V. Gleespen) looks at the research to determine the following: how knowledge precisely tuned to the experts' task situations is acquired; how experts' cultures contribute to expertise development; how performers help each other to become experts; and why performers help--or hinder--each other. "Experts and Expertise: The Status of the Research Literature on Superior Performance" (K. Peter Kuchinke) summarizes and critically reviews the status of the concept of expertise: its definitions, methodological approaches, theories of expertise, substantive research findings, and developmental issues. It proposes an agenda for future research and theory development. "Job Performance Goals: Bridging the Gap from Theory to Practice" (Richard J. Torraco) examines the reasons for the gap between the actual and potential role of job performance goals and suggests ways in which this gap can be bridged by systematically examining how performance goals are developed in organizations. To help close the gap between theory and practice, a theoretical framework for the development of performance goals is presented. Papers contain references. (YLB)