Traditionally, archivists have been involved mainly in the intellectual preservation of library materials and the selection, appraisal, processing, and cataloging of library collections. Due to the relatively short (approximately 50 years) stability of the paper commonly used for printed and written documents since the mid-nineteenth century, the physical preservation of materials--the repair, maintenance, restoration, and protection of documents--has drawn increasing attention from the archivist in recent years. Fifty academic and 50 public library archivists were surveyed on the relative importance of intellectual versus physical preservation. The study yielded response rates of 76% (n=38) for public libraries, and 80% (n=40) for academic libraries. The survey indicates a greater emphasis on both intellectual and physical preservation in academic libraries as compared to public libraries, but there is no heavy emphasis on physical preservation in either type of library. While paper acidity continues to be the major problem requiring physical preservation in nearly all libraries, damage due to heat and humidity is not reported as frequently in academic libraries, perhaps due to their greater use of environmentally controlled rooms. Formal training in physical preservation is considered inadequate and there is a perceived need for individuals trained in both types of preservation. Appendices include the survey and cover letter. (Contains 18 references.) (Author/SWC)