This study examines the effects of using response cost in combination with positive reinforcement procedures in helping two second grade students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder maintain their attention in the classroom. This involved the loss of reinforcers/points contingent upon inappropriate behavior in the classroom, in addition to earning them for appropriate behavior. The Conners Teacher Rating Scale was used to assess behavior. A small plastic box which contained a digital counter on its face and a red light on top was placed on each subject's desk, and each minute a point was automatically awarded to the child on the counter display. The teacher carried a transmitter and when the student was observed to be off-task, not working, or disruptive, the desk unit was signaled, the red light on the student's desk came on, and a point was deducted. Points could be exchanges for extra computer time, school store items, or a chance to be the teacher's helper. The results indicate that measures of hyperactivity for both subjects showed significant decreases from baseline to end of treatment phases. Significant decreases also occurred in measures of conduct problems and emotional indulgence for one child. (Contains 14 references.) (CR)