This report provides information about the state of Aboriginal corrections in Canada. It draws on survey results, analyses of quantitative data, and a review of the relevant literature and research and raises some complex questions about the meaning and future of Aboriginal corrections. There are nine parts that: (1) discuss the reliance on imprisonment in Canada compared to other countries, and the use of imprisonment as a reflection of cultural attitudes; (2) point out that a minority of prisoners are committers of violent offenses, and that prisoners are disproportionately from the most disadvantaged groups in society; (3) discuss demographics of Aboriginal offenders; (4) discuss the three factors of marginalization, alienation, and dysfunctional family life that lead to Aboriginal overrepresentation among prisoners; (5) explore what works in correctional programming, the history of Aboriginal programming, and critical questions about cultural programming; (6) report correctional personnel and inmate survey results indicating agreement on need for more educational and vocational programs, use of Aboriginal program people, and lack of community support programs for parolees; (7) discuss the need for positive change in the communities to which offenders return; (8) point out the need to educate the public about reducing the reliance on imprisonment and about using other methods to respond to offenders; and (9) present seven steps to reduce the overrepresentation of Aboriginal people in correctional institutions. Appendices present methodology, data tables, and survey questionnaires. Contains 174 references. (TD)