Experts now estimate that one half to three quarters of a million infants are born each year who have been exposed in utero to one or more illicit drugs. When legal drugs--alcohol and tobacco--are added, the figure rises to considerably more than one million substance-exposed infants. This monograph is one in a series created by the Educational Development Center to address the needs of administrators and teachers for accurate, up-to-date information on the effects of prenatal exposure to alcohol and other drugs. The report also examines what is known about other risk factors that may amplify these effects or produce similar consequences. The first chapter of the report addresses what the research suggests about the short- and long-term effects of prenatal exposure to alcohol and other drugs. The second chapter discusses environmental factors which, by themselves or in combination with the effects of prenatal exposure to alcohol or other drugs, can affects a child's development. The third chapter explores the implications of prenatal exposure for preschool and primary education and describes specialized programs that serve children identified as having been prenatally exposed to alcohol or other drugs, as well as the behavioral and developmental characteristics these children display. Finally, the report sums up the central findings and suggests ways that this information can guide the development of strategies, techniques, and materials to help teachers and administrators provide children at risk with appropriate and effective educational experiences. Two appendices list sources of information used in the monograph and experts interviewed. Contains 428 references. (HTH)