A study investigated lexical decision-making among Dutch-English bilinguals in the auditory modality. Subjects, bilinguals at three proficiency levels (intermediate, high, and near-native) were presented with 40 cognate and 40 non-cognate word pairs, a similar number of English and Dutch distractors, and a similar number of nonsense words in each language. An additional cue, pronunciation by a man or woman, was used to distinguish Dutch and English cognates. Intra- and interlingual repetition of words was also used as a variable. In three experiments, three subject groups were used: 32 Dutch secondary school students; 32 Dutch university student of English; and 16 Dutch learners with near-native English skills. Results of the three experiments suggest that for bilinguals of intermediate proficiency, there was a priming effect for cognates but not for non-cognates. For high-proficiency and near-native bilinguals, there was a priming effect for both cognates and non-cognates. The findings are examined in terms of previous research and theory concerning bilingual storage of vocabulary. (MSE)