The Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights (OCR) is charged with protecting fundamental rights to equal educational opportunity. During fiscal year (FY) 1990, OCR received 3,382 discrimination complaints, the highest number (as of that year) in the agency's history. OCR's National Enforcement Strategy, announced in 1990, was to focus the agency's available resources on high-priority educational equity issues. This document reports on OCR's compliance-review and technical-assistance activities. Chapter 1 presents an organizational overview of the OCR--its role, relationship with other federal agencies, structure, and compliance mechanisms. Chapter 2 presents examples of cases investigated in FY 1990 in which OCR secured voluntary corrective action from recipients of federal financial assistance. The third chapter provides examples of compliance activities in postsecondary education. Actions involving other recipients, such as state and local vocational rehabilitation agencies, proprietary schools, correctional institutions, libraries, and museums, are highlighted in chapter 4. Five figures and a list of addresses for regional Civil Rights Offices are included. (LMI)