In recent years the Dominican population has been the fastest growing ethnic population in New York City, now comprising the second largest Hispanic group. This study reviewed 1980 and 1990 U.S. Census of Population statistics to present a picture of the economic lives of Dominicans and suggest ways to improve their status. The income of Dominicans ranks among the lowest of New York City ethnic groups, and the poverty rate is among the highest. The changing economic environment in New York has hit Dominicans particularly hard. Educational attainment is one of the key factors determining success in the labor market. Improving the economic status of Dominicans in New York City will require a major investment in education. Improving general adult literacy and English language proficiency also is essential. In addition, job training and workplace apprenticeships can help direct persons in the labor force away from low-paying jobs in collapsing industries and toward employment in sectors that offer greater long-term opportunities. Increased access to higher education is essential for the Dominican population. Public policies that support the educational efforts of students from low socioeconomic backgrounds would be of great value. (SLD)