The collection of essays on aspects of Vygotskian theory focuses on the theory's application to research on second language learning. Articles include: "Theoretical Framework: An Introduction to Vygotskian Perspectives on Second Language Research" (James P. Lantolf, Gabriela Appel); Collective Scaffolding in Second Language Learning" (Richard Donato); "Linguistic Accommodation with LEP and LD Children" (Linda Schinke-Llano); "Working in the ZPD: Fossilized and Nonfossilized Nonnative Speakers" (Gay N. Washburn); "Form and Functions of Inner Speech in Adult Second Language Learning" (Maria C. M. de Guerrero); "The Use of Private Speech by Adult ESL Learners at Different Levels of Proficiency" (Steven G. McCafferty); "Inner Speech and Second Language Acquisition: An Experimental-Theoretical Approach" (Tatiana N. Ushakova); Speaking as Cognitive Regulation: A Vygotskian Perspective on Dialogic Communication" (Mohammed K. Ahmed); "Same Task, Different Activities: Analysis of a SLA Task from an Activity Theory Perspective" (Peter Coughlan, Patricia A. Duff); and "The Role of Learner Goals in L2 Success" (Barbara Gillette). Contents are indexed by author and subject. (MSE)