This study examined the effectiveness of racial and cultural awareness programs on the attitudes of white college students toward diversity on campus. It is based on a subset of students included in the National Study of Student Learning, specifically 1,061 white first-year undergraduates at 17 institutions, who answered questionnaires immediately before starting college, at the end of their first year, and at the end of their second year. The study found that, after controlling for family income, father's education, and degree aspirations, both sex and major field were significantly related to students' precollegiate attitudes toward diversity on campus. Students who stayed in conservative majors during their first two years in college were significantly less likely to participate in a racial or cultural awareness workshop during their first year in college than students who stayed in liberal majors. Finally, the study found that students who participated in racial or cultural awareness workshops developed more favorable attitudes toward diversity on campus. This finding is of particular importance because students in conservative majors (especially male students) start college with significantly less favorable attitudes toward diversity on campus. (Contains 39 references.) (MDM)