This paper reviews the research and attempts to identify instructional techniques and settings to promote generalization of appropriate work-related social behavior in individuals with mental retardation. First, it provides a definition of transition and discusses the importance of training for generalization, discrimination, and maintenance. Three techniques are then explained: (1) cognitive process approaches to instruction, (2) using peers as change agents, and (3) community-based instruction. The paper finds support for all three techniques and recommends that transition for students with mental retardation involve enrollment in vocational education programs, instruction in community-based environments, paid part-time employment, cognitive process approaches, and peer-mediated interventions. (Contains 30 references.) (DB)