Concern over the under representation of women and minorities in the natural sciences and engineering led to the research reported in this document. The project surveyed a stratified sample of 1,651 college seniors who registered to take the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and who were majoring in natural sciences, mathematics, computer sciences, and engineering (NSME). The goals of the survey were to identify some of the factors that may lead NSME majors to change fields for graduate school, analyze differences among ethnic groups remaining in NSME, and analyze differences between male and female NSME majors who plan to remain in NSME. This report focuses on the gender and ethnic differences in NSME majors planning graduate study in their fields. Results showed that the decision to leave NSME was uncorrelated with gender, race, or GRE scores, but was correlated with many questionnaire items. Detailed analysis of gender and ethnic differences among NSME majors planning to continue in their fields showed small to moderate differences on many dimensions. There were gender and ethnic differences in salary expectations, importance on making a contribution to society, and preferences for various job activities. Possibilities for further research and policy implications are suggested; and the GRE Background Questionnaires and survey instrument are included. Contains 65 references. (JRH)