This paper reviews two of the United Kingdom's national programs to promote the use of computer-based teaching throughout higher education. In the first phase (1985-89) of the Computers in Teaching Initiative (CTI), a suite of 139 individual software-production projects generally failed to meet expectations. In 1989, CTI became a network of subject-based centers with a remit to promote the use of information technology (IT) within specific academic disciplines. Following wholesale changes in the national organization of higher education in 1991, the UK government sought to double the number of students in higher education. A new program of courseware development was initiated, the Teaching and Learning Technology Programme (TLTP): 75 projects are currently being funded, involving both single academic institutions and consortia. One example of TLTP project, Geography-CAL, which aims at specifying, developing, testing, and delivering a library of 21 high-quality transportable computer-based learning (CBL) modules and other support material, is described in detail. In examining the effects of these initiatives, it is concluded that, while CBL has pedagogical benefits, there are many factors which hinder its adoption by university teachers. (Author/MAS)