The jackknife and bootstrap methods are becoming more popular in research. Although the two approaches have similar goals and employ similar strategies, information is lacking with regard to the comparability of their results. This study systematically investigated the issue for a canonical correlation analysis, using data from four random samples from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. Some conspicuous discrepancies are observed mainly under small sample size conditions, and this raises some concern when researchers need to choose between the two for their small samples. Due to the lack of theoretical sampling distributions in canonical analysis, it is unclear which method had superior performance. It is suggested that Monte Carlo simulation is needed for this kind of comparison. It is also suggested that caution is warranted in generalizing the results to other statistical techniques, since the validity of such generalizations is uncertain. (Contains 6 tables and 18 references.) (Author/SLD)