The research described in this paper is from the fifth year of a 6-year longitudinal study investigating psychosocial and demographic factors associated with a wide range of behaviors among adolescents. The present analyses investigate the relationship between students' participation in extracurricular activities (athletic teams, musical groups, and school clubs) and their moral reasoning level and identity status. Participants were 209 high school juniors from a medium-sized southeastern town. Students' levels of moral development were assessed by the Sociomoral Reflection Objective Measure (SROM); their levels of identity achievement, moratorium, foreclosure, and diffusion in the interpersonal and ideological domains were measured by the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status (EOM-EIS). Findings indicated that students' ability to make mature moral judgments appears to be unaffected by their extracurricular activities; membership in school clubs is related to higher levels of ideological identity achievement and lower levels of ideological moratorium and diffusion; girls are more likely than boys to score high on identity achievement; race influences moral reasoning level and identity achievement; membership in the school band or chorus is unrelated to identity formation; students who do not participate in any of the activities studied were high on both interpersonal diffusion and ideological moratorium when compared to their classmates who reported membership in at least one group; and athletic team participation is related to identity foreclosure, particularly for males. Findings suggest that school clubs facilitate development in ways other activities do not, and that the high status afforded male athletes is detrimental to their overall psychological development. Data tables are included. (Contains 52 references.) (ND)