A new free-response item type for mathematics tests is described. The item type, referred to as the Student-Produced Response (SPR), was first introduced into the Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test in 1993 and into the Scholastic Aptitude Test in 1994. Students solve a problem and record the answer by blackening the ovals on a grid that permits numbers from 0 to 999. For the test taker, the use of the SPR format provides a more natural problem-solving situation in which the student must analyze and solve the problem without being influenced by multiple choice alternatives. Responses from students and teachers have generally been positive, agreeing that the format reflects the mathematical ability of the student better than multiple choice items. There are some drawbacks to the approach, including the length of time required to grid the answer. The ability to enter answers directly into a computer will eliminate this difficulty. The reduction or elimination of guessing has resulted in items with better discrimination indices and improved test reliability. Two figures and two sample items illustrate the discussion. Appendixes A and B contain directions and a sample score report; Appendixes C and D present sample items. (SLD)