This study examined affirmative action policies at the campuses of the University of California (UC) and other universities to determine effective approaches to increase opportunities for women and minority faculty and promote faculty diversity. Using a qualitative, ethnographic approach, project staff interviewed faculty and administrators about their experiences and attitudes in regard to faculty diversity. Part 1 of the report reviews the issues and conclusions found in the literature on affirmative action for university faculties. Part 2 provides an inventory of successful programs uncovered at UC campuses and other institutions. Part 3 describes and analyzes four effective strategies for achieving faculty diversity: (1) creatively searching for quality faculty; (2) enhancing faculty members' chances for success; (3) using a pipeline approach; and (4) making optimum use of different leadership styles. Part 4 summarizes the report's conclusions and recommendations for faculty, department chairs, and senior administrators. Three appendixes present comparisons of the representation of minority and women faculty at UC and comparable institutions, a note on the study's methodology, and a list of institutions visited. (Contains 68 references.) (MDM)