The report summarizes proceedings of a roundtable conference on native language maintenance and literacy education for indigenous populations, particularly in North America. On the first day, a morning session consisted of a sharing of thoughts and experiences of what literacy is, its value and meaning, issues surrounding native language literacy, and participation in the conference. A list of resulting ideas is presented. The afternoon session involved presentations and a question-and-answer period by three educators on these topics: what is meant by literacy; the issues; and the role of native language and culture preservation. On the second morning, discussion moved to the approaches that work for native language literacy instruction, with examples of success stories. The afternoon session focused on research progress and research needs in this area. The final session addressed the implications of the previous discussions for policy formation and change. For each session, presenter comments and audience questions are summarized. A list of specific recommendations for action, developed by groups based on geographic origin, includes suggestions for curriculum development teacher preparation, interinstitutional and interorganizational collaboration, advocacy, policy development and implementation, funding, and use of available technology. (MSE) (Adjunct ERIC Clearinghouse on Literacy Education)