The current and future role of educational technology in adult English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) instruction in the United States is examined, drawing on practice, literature, and the experiences of an Arlington, Virginia program. Throughout, policy implications are drawn from the discussion. First, the ESL service delivery system is examined and the diversity of the population being served is discussed. Perspectives on the benefits and the challenges of using technology in ESL instruction are reviewed. The variety of technologies available is outlined briefly, including computers and computer software, video, interactive videodiscs, and integrated learning systems. Both the extent and the nature of current technology usage are examined, and promising models for future applications are described. It is concluded that despite a lack of empirical data on the effectiveness of technology for ESL instruction, continued investment in the technology is warranted, and federal and state governments and foundations should take a leadership role in promoting use of technology. Contains 31 references. (MSE) (Adjunct ERIC CLearinghouse on Literacy Education)