The value of foreign language education at the elementary school level for Australia is discussed from two perspectives: its contribution to tolerance of cultural diversity within Australian society and its contribution to Australia's role in the global society. Reference is made to a variety of studies and commission reports. First, the relationship between language and human rights in general is examined, including recent Australian legislative and organizational initiatives and the principles underlying a recently-developed universal declaration of language rights. The role of civics education in a culturally diverse society is also considered. International relations and international trade are then discussed, and it is concluded that if Australia and Australians are to enjoy equity as they compete for world markets, it is essential that many more people attain high skill levels in a variety of languages and better use be made of existing skills in the community. Implications for determining language priorities, establishing policy concerning cultural diversity, fostering favorable cultural attitudes, providing quality instruction, meeting business and industry needs, and promoting community awareness are outlined. Contains 21 references. (MSE)