This document summarizes the situation of children in Romania. The booklet is divided into five parts: (1) child and family protection, objective of the post revolutionary Romanian society; (2) forms of organizing the process of education and training for the children with a normal physical and intellectual development; (3) the situation of the disadvantaged children; (4) aspects of the organization of children's leisure time and on the cultivation of their skills; and (5) children's health. The first section discusses the sociodemographic background of Romania, including the revolution of December 1989 and its consequences and statistical data on the population. This section also describes amendments to the legal framework on child protection and concrete aspects of the protection of children including some categories of disadvantaged children. Also listed are governmental and nongovernmental structures implied in child protection. The second part addresses organizing and functioning principles and concrete aspects of the educational system in Romania. The third part focuses on disadvantaged children including forms of protection for socially disadvantaged children, deficient children, and children with deviating behavior, such as the institutionalization of delinquent children, and the prevention and rehabilitation of street children. The fourth section is divided into leisure time activities, literature, film, radio and television programs for children, and children's organizations. The last section discusses the main development directions of the medical system in Romania consisting of equipping the medical units with adequate equipment, training for medical staff that is specialized for children, and family planning. The document concludes that progress has been realized in the education, health, and social protection of children. (DK)