This essay examines the provision of early childhood education and care (educare) for black preschool children in South Africa. After a brief introduction, the essay outlines the demographics of and government role in preschool education. The social and environmental context of black preschool children in South Africa, along with the educational implications of this context, are then discussed. Arguments for the adoption of early childhood educare intervention programs, and the dynamics of possible programs, are considered. The effects of early educare programs on young children are also highlighted. Finally, the major components of the preschool learning environment (play areas, daily schedules, instructional materials, teachers and staff, and parent/community involvement) are presented and discussed. Contains 30 references. (MDM)