This paper describes the organization and planning for research and development in Sweden, particularly the role of higher education. A section on policies notes that the state has overall responsibility to fund basic research and the training of research workers. Issues receiving particular attention include environmental problems and new technologies. Types of institutions involved in research include the Ministry of Education and Science and its three main research councils which fund basic research. Universities, university colleges, and research institutes which train research workers are commissioned by the government to do research and at times also contract to do research for the business community. Academies enjoy an independent status as promoters of research and science in different disciplines. Private foundations also support university-based research. The level of research and development in industry is high by international standards. Discussion of long-term planning notes a current emphasis on short-term projects at the expense of long-term projects. A final section describes Sweden's involvement in international research and development particularly in cooperative efforts with other Scandinavian countries and other European research councils and institutions. (JB)