This study on Basque language learning is part of a project investigating alternative curriculum designs to promote native language maintenance in the Basque Country of Spain. This study, similar in design to an earlier study, measured the level of Basque and Spanish of second-graders (n=1,196 from 301 classrooms) in three program models (Basque taught as a second language--Model A, Spanish-Basque bilingual--Model B, and instruction primarily in Basque--Model D) in 1988; studied factors influencing the learning of the languages; compared the new data with that of 1983-84; and examined the bilingual model. The study focused on the influence of students' home language (Spanish or Basque) and other social and demographic factors on the educational model. (MSE)