This publication is the second in a series of annual updates of U.S. statistical data about young children (under 6 years old) and their families living in poverty. It builds on "Five Million Children: A Statistical Profile of Our Poorest Young Citizens," and incorporates new statistical data from the 1991 March Supplement to the Census Bureau's Current Population Survey (CPS) into the framework established in the "1991 Update." Data estimate family poverty status for 1990 as measured by the federal poverty line, which is adjusted for annual cost-of-living increases and scaled to family size, but not for geographic location. Focus is on who poor children are and where they live. In 1990, the poverty line was $10,419 for a family of 3, and $13,359 for a family of 4. Over the past decade, poverty rates increased significantly for young children; in 1990, about 1 out of every 4 young children lived in poverty. After dramatic growth in the early 1980s, the number of poor young children has remained at about 5 million or above each year. About one-third of all young children in 1990 were minorities; however, 58 percent of poor children were minorities. Poverty rates for young children are highest in urban areas. Parental employment status and earnings, family structure, and parental education are interrelated factors that help explain why more than 5 million young children are poor. Three tables and 13 figures are included. (RLC)