This report describes the purpose, funding, services, administration, and effectiveness of 145 programs administered by the U.S. Department of Education during fiscal year 1991; and briefly covers planned studies. It outlines 35 Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, 4 Office of Bilingual Education and Minority Languages Affairs, 36 Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, 14 Office of Vocational and Adult Education, 37 Office of Postsecondary Education, and 19 Office of Educational Research and Improvement programs. "National Goals Addressed" subsections are included, where appropriate, concerning how the Department's programs help to implement the six National Education Goals. A few chapters contain "Performance Indicators" subsections. One major Department of Education initiative has been to seek ways to enhance accountability in U.S. education at all levels. This report summarizes evaluation results concerning what helps program participants increase their achievement or improve their performance. It also describes management improvement initiatives and reforms, and changes in priorities under the Department's accountability initiative. Data concerning the Chapter 1 Local Education Agency Program, the Chapter 1 Migrant Education Program, Impact Aid: Maintenance and Operations; mathematics and science education; bilingual education programs; national educational improvement partnerships; Allen J. Ellender fellowships; and student financial aid programs are highlighted. Numerous tables and references are included throughout the document. (RLC)