In contrast to standardized tests, which do not accurately reflect the achievement of young students, portfolio assessment is a valuable tool for documenting a student's development. Portfolio assessment can be conducted formally or informally through observation or by interview. Documentation of observations can take the form of checklists, rating scales, anecdotal records, audio or videotaping, and photographs. Portfolios should include samples of students' paintings, drawings, stories, letters, lists, signs, handwriting, and use of numbers. Teachers should adapt portfolio assessment to their specific situation, using portfolios to integrate curriculum and assessment and to reflect children's developmental progress. (MM)