This report uses census information on children to examine how national demographic trends play out across the country, in states, and in smaller geographic areas. Data for 1980 and 1990 are provided in 35 tables and 15 figures, which illustrate 6 sections of the report. Section 1 looks at the child population, and notes that between 1980 and 1990 the number of children decreased slightly while the number of children under age 6 years increased by 12.5 percent, which is close to the size that this group of children was in 1960. Section 2 presents information on children and families, including composition of households, and variations by race and ethnicity. Section 3 covers children and parents' work, and looks at the numbers of families where both children work. Section 4 details children and family income, noting data on children in poverty by family type, race and ethnicity, and distribution by state. Section 5 discusses children and education, focusing on school enrollment, high school dropout rates, and variations by geographic and race or ethnic group. Section 6 addresses children and immigration, and notes that over 2 million children (3.3 percent of all children under age 18 years) are foreign-born, the highest proportion of whom are Hispanic Americans. An appendix provides additional technical information on the data, definitions, and data sources. (JB)