Findings of a study that examined the characteristics of women principals in Israel, as compared with research findings of the 1960s and 70s, are presented in this paper. Data were derived from interviews, questionnaires, and the written autobiographies of 36 aspiring or practicing women principals in Israel. Findings suggest that, overall, the role of career planning and aspiration in attaining the principalship was ambiguous. The respondents' leadership styles, based on interpersonal relations and communication--traits that have traditionally been viewed as weaknesses, contributed to school effectiveness and positive school climates. Motherhood experiences served as a resource for the principalship. Characteristics that may predict attainment of the position include diligence, a need for change, and the capacity to turn hardships into challenges. Recommendations are made to provide organizational/professional support and to encourage the view of career as not contradictory to femininity. (Contains 38 references.) (LMI)