Background information is presented on components and practices in adult English-as-a-Second Language (ESL) literacy programs. In Part I, Characteristics of ESL Literacy Programs, answers are given to questions covering definitions of an ESL literacy program, who the students are, goals of ESL literacy programs, and types of literacy programs eligible for nomination in the National English Literacy Demonstration Program for Adults of Limited English Proficiency. Part II of this paper outlines components that research has shown to be effective parts of adult literacy programs: community outreach, needs assessment, program design, curriculum, approaches and methods, initial assessment and progress evaluation, staff development, and support services. Examples of each are given. Part III illustrates types of evidence of program effectiveness, including progress in literacy development (e.g. student writings, test scores, anecdotal evidence) and evidence of outcomes that can be linked to literacy education (e.g. transfer to mainstream programs, greater use of community services, increased confidence and participation). (Adjunct ERIC Clearinghouse on Literacy Education) (LB)