This guide to alcohol and other drug abuse prevention for individuals with mental retardation begins with a definition of mental retardation and developmental disability. The implications of alcohol and other drug use for individuals with mental retardation are noted, emphasizing that this population does not use alcohol or other drugs as frequently as the general population but may develop problems more quickly than nondisabled peers if they do use these substances. Factors that place individuals with mental retardation at risk for alcohol or drug abuse are outlined, and program efforts to prevent alcohol and other drug abuse are encouraged to include information specific to the person's disability. Suggestions to bring about positive interactions with this population are offered, and five commonly held myths about individuals with mental retardation are dispelled with factual information. A list of 10 organizational resources, 3 printed resources, and 11 references is also provided. (JDD)