This monograph addresses the educational needs of learners who have physical and health impairments that adversely interfere with their educational performance and who thus require special training, related services, adaptive equipment, modified materials, and/or barrier free facilities. The first section discusses the identification of learners with physical and health impairments and cites federal legislation and state definitions and standards. The next section reviews common physical and health impairments of school age children. It differentiates the terms, "handicap", "disability", and "impairment" and describes specific conditions such as orthopedic impairment, neurological impairment, spina bifida, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, paralysis, muscular dystrophy, scoliosis, arthritis, diabetes, asthma, hemophilia, trauma, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, and prenatal exposure to alcohol and drugs. The following section identifies 20 specialized needs of this population. Student needs include academic needs, a specialized curriculum, self help skills, appropriate adaptive devices, psychological support, mobility, transportation, physical education and recreation, prevocational and vocational preparation, and transitional skills. Also identified are needs of the school system including the need for trained educational personnel, early identification and intervention, related services, flexible scheduling, program standards and modifications, a continuum of special education services, facility modifications, medical supervision, parent support and training, and information, equipment, and trained personnel in technological advances. (47 references) (DB)