The purpose of this monograph is to provide useful guidelines for teachers and to review findings in the literature with respect to the positive instructional value of computers in the classroom. Following an introduction, research findings are organized into seven topics: (1) Availability and Use: past availability and use, current availability and primary uses of microcomputers; (2) Classroom Applications: computer assisted instruction, computer managed instruction, testing, record keeping, and instructional games; (3) Curricular Applications: language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies; (4) Exceptional Children; (5) Attitude and Motivation; (6) Large Computer Systems: PLATO and TICCIT; and (7) Issues and Concerns: videodisc, compact disc, multimedia, software, quality of research, relationship with industry, networking, teacher training, computer coordinators, and effect on formal education. A conclusion discusses the encouraging indicators of computer use as well as some existing problems and concerns. A 115-item bibliography is included. (LL)