Arguing that library and information needs should be met at the national, rather than at the local level, this report analyzes ways to meet these needs with special reference to the role of national libraries. The first two chapters highlight such library and information concerns as: (1) collection and preservation of documents of national interest and importance; (2) bibliographic needs; (3) document provision; (4) access to publications; (5) exchange of publications; (6) access to information; (7) services to libraries and information units; (8) leadership and advice to libraries and information units; (9) planning and coordination; (10) education and training; (11) research and development; (12) factors affecting need; and (13) priorities of need. Alternative ways of meeting these needs are then highlighted. The third and fourth chapters examine alternative ways of meeting national library and information needs according to guiding principles, practical factors, and the potential impact of electronic technology. In the fifth chapter, appropriate solutions for national and information provision are suggested for several hypothetical countries undergoing different stages of development. The sixth chapter presents the study's conclusions. (3 tables) (MAB)